Effectiveness of Enis Pneumonia Care QR Code-Based E-Health Platform on Maternal Knowledge of Toddler Pneumonia Detection and Early Treatment
https://doi.org/10.53770/medica.v8i10.1258
Keywords
QR Codes Health Education Child Preschool Primary Health CareAbstract
Delayed recognition of pneumonia danger signs may postpone appropriate care for children under five. Conventional leaflet-based education offers limited opportunities for interactive and repeated learning, whereas QR codes provide direct access to structured multimedia without requiring a separate application. This study examined the association between QR code-linked e-health education and maternal knowledge of pneumonia danger-sign recognition and early care. This controlled quasi-experimental pretest–posttest study included 120 mothers recruited through accidental sampling and allocated non-randomly in sequential time blocks to intervention and control groups (60 participants each). Maternal knowledge was measured using a 23-item questionnaire scored from 0 to 23. The intervention group accessed QR code-linked education over a five-day period, while the control group received leaflet-based education. Knowledge increased by 1.55 points in the intervention group (SD = 2.39; p < 0.001) and by 0.33 points in the control group (SD = 1.80; p = 0.157). The unadjusted between-group difference in change was 1.22 points (95% CI: 0.45 to 1.98; Welch’s t(109.68) = 3.150; p = 0.002; Cohen’s d = 0.58). Baseline knowledge differed substantially between groups. After adjustment for baseline knowledge, the group difference was 0.77 points (95% CI: −0.26 to 1.80; F(1, 117) = 2.190; p = 0.142; partial η² = 0.018). QR code-linked education was associated with a greater unadjusted short-term increase in maternal knowledge, but the adjusted group effect was not statistically significant. Non-random allocation and baseline imbalance limit causal interpretation.
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