Exploring C-Reactive Protein Levels in Menstruating Female Students: A Descriptive Study
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.53770/medica.v7i1.482Keywords:
Menstruation, C-Reactive ProteinAbstract
During menstruation, prostaglandins induce uterine contractions, which contribute to the thickening of the endometrial mucosa and the constriction of blood vessels. Elevated levels of prostaglandins may influence C-Reactive Protein (CRP) levels, a marker that increases in response to inflammation or infection as part of the body's immune response. This study aimed to examine CRP levels in female students during menstruation. A descriptive research design was employed to assess CRP levels in menstruating female students. The sample consisted of blood serum collected from 30 students at Madrasah Aliyah Pondok Pesantren Pembangunan Ushuluddin in Singkawang City. The results showed that among the participants, 5 students aged 16 and 1 student aged 15 exhibited positive CRP levels. Regarding the duration of menstruation, positive CRP levels were detected in 4 students on the first day, 1 student on the second day, and 1 student on the third day. Overall, 20% of the students showed positive CRP levels, while 80% had negative CRP levels. The conclusion indicates that a subset of menstruating female students exhibited elevated CRP levels, particularly during the early days of menstruation. This suggests that menstruation, likely through prostaglandin-induced inflammation, may be associated with an increase in CRP levels in some individuals.
References
Abbara, A., Eng, P. C., Phylactou, M., Clarke, S. A., Hunjan, T., Roberts, R., ... & Dhillo, W. S. (2019). Anti-müllerian hormone (AMH) in the diagnosis of menstrual disturbance due to polycystic ovarian syndrome. Frontiers in endocrinology, 10, 656. https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2019.00656
Al Mamun, A. S. M., Islam, M. A., Malitha, J. M., & Hossain, M. G. (2020). Risk Factors behind Menstrual Disturbance of School Girls (Age 10 To 12 Years) in Rajshahi District, Bangladesh. Journal of Life Sciences, 12(1–2). 49-59.
Amalia, A. (2017). Efektivitas terapi musik klasik terhadap nyeri disminorea. Jurnal Riset Kebidanan Indonesia, 1(2), 56-62. https://doi.org/10.32536/jrki.v1i2.9
Baratawidjaja, K. G., & Rengganis, I. (2010). Imunologi Dasar. Edisi 7. Jakarta: Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia.
Barcikowska, Z., Rajkowska-Labon, E., Grzybowska, M. E., Hansdorfer-Korzon, R., & Zorena, K. (2020). Inflammatory markers in dysmenorrhea and therapeutic options. International journal of environmental research and public health, 17(4), 1191. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17041191
Chiang, J. J., Park, H., Almeida, D. M., Bower, J. E., Cole, S. W., Irwin, M. R., ... & Fuligni, A. J. (2019). Psychosocial stress and C-reactive protein from mid-adolescence to young adulthood. Health Psychology, 38(3), 259-267.
Chomaria, N. (2013). Tips Jitu dan Praktis Mengusir Stress. Jogjakarta : Diva Press.
Dhofier, Z. (2017). Tradisi Pesantren Studi Pandangan Hidup Kyai dan Visinya Mengenai masa depan Indonesia. Jakarta: LP3ES.
Faizi, N., & Kazmi, S. (2017). Universal health coverage - There is more to it than meets the eye. Journal of family medicine and primary care, 6(1), 169–170. https://doi.org/10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_13_17
Gaskins, A. J., Wilchesky, M., Mumford, S. L., Whitcomb, B. W., Browne, R. W., Wactawski-Wende, J., Perkins, N. J., & Schisterman, E. F. (2012). Endogenous reproductive hormones and C-reactive protein across the menstrual cycle: the BioCycle Study. American journal of epidemiology, 175(5), 423–431. https://doi.org/10.1093/aje/kwr343
Gursoy, A. Y., Caglar, G. S., Kiseli, M., Pabuccu, E., Candar, T., & Demirtas, S. (2015). CRP at early follicular phase of menstrual cycle can cause misinterpretation for cardiovascular risk assessment. Interventional medicine and applied science, 7(4), 143-146. https://doi.org/10.1556/1646.7.2015.4.2
Haliza, N. E., Wardani, D. P. K., Sudarsono, T. A., & Mulyanto, A. (2022). Hubungan Kadar C Reactive Protein dengan Jumlah Neutrofil Penderita Tuberkulosis Paru pada Fase Pengobatan 0 dan 6 Bulan di BKPM Purwokerto: Relationship Between C Reactive Protein Levels and the Number of Neutrophils in Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients with Phases 0 and 6 Months at BKPM Purwokerto. Jurnal Surya Medika (JSM), 8(2), 37–44. https://doi.org/10.33084/jsm.v8i2.3480
Kemenkes RI. (2020). Profil Kesehatan Indonesia Tahun 2019. Jakarta: Kementerian Kesehatan RI.
Lubis, M. S., Pramana, C., & Kasjono, H. S. (2022). Pengaruh Penyuluhan Menstruasi Menggunakan Media Booklet Terhadap Pengetahuan Dan Sikap Siswi Dalam Menghadapi Menarche. Sebatik, 26(1), 270-276. https://doi.org/10.46984/sebatik.v26i1.1544
Mandasari, P. (2021). Hubungan Indeks Massa Tubuh Dan Usia Menarche Dengan Kejadian Dismenorea Pada Remaja Putri. Babul Ilmi Jurnal Ilmiah Multi Science Kesehatan, 13(2). https://doi.org/10.36729/bi.v13i2.930
Marlia, T. (2020). Hubungan Status Gizi Dengan Menstruasi Dini. Jurnal Kesehatan, 11(1), 16-22. https://doi.org/10.38165/jk.v11i1.193
Nehring, S. M., Goyal, A., & Patel, B. C. (2017). C reactive protein. Statpearls. St. Petersburg.
Nugrahmi, M. A., Serudji, J. & Almurdi, A. (2018). Perbedaan Kadar HS-CRP Menurut Indeks Massa Tubuh dan Derajat Pramenstrual Syndrome pada Remaja Usia 18 24 Tahun." Jurnal Ilmiah Universitas Batanghari Jambi, 18(3), 575-579. https://doi.org/10.33087/jiubj.v18i3.505
Pemiliana, P. D. (2019). Perilaku Remaja Putri Dengan Personal Hygiene Saat Menstruasi Di SMA Etidlandia Medan Tahun 2018. Gaster, 17(1), 62-76. https://doi.org/10.30787/gaster.v17i1.341
Realita, F., Endang, S., & Rosita, K.S. (2022). Pengaruh Konsumsi Air Kelapa Hijau Terhadap Penurunan Disminore. Jurnal International Islamic Medicine Forum, 1(1), 63-70.
Syafitri, I. (2022). Gambaran Kadar C-Reactive Protein (Crp) Pada Mahasiswi Yang Menstruasi Dengan Dismenorea Di Jurusan Teknologi Laboratorium Medis Poltekkes Kemenkes Palembang. Karya Tulis Ilmiah. Poltekkes Kemenkes Palembang
Sandayanti, V., Detty, A. U., & Mino, J. (2019). Hubungan Tingkat Stres dengan Kejadian Dismenorea pada Mahasiswi Kedokteran di Universitas Malahayati Bandar Lampung. Jurnal Psikologi Malahayati. 1(1), 35-40. https://doi.org/10.33024/jpm.v1i1.1416
Solehati, T., Trisyani, M., & Kosasih, C. E. (2018). Gambaran pengetahuan, sikap, dan keluhan tentang menstruasi diantara remaja puteri. Jurnal Keperawatan Komprehensif (Comprehensive Nursing Journal), 4(2), 86-91. https://doi.org/10.33755/jkk.v4i2.110
Vashishta, S., Gahlot, S., Singh, A., & Goyal, R. (2017). Impact of menstrual cycle phases on C-reactive protein concentrations. International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences, 5(3), 1090–1094. https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20170667
World Health Organization. (2018). Guidance on Ethical Considerations in Planning and Reviewing Research Studies on Sexual and Reproductive Health in Adolescents. World Health Organization. Retrieved from: https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789241508414
Zahra, M.A., Aisyiah., & Intan, A.N. (2023). Analisis Faktor Yang Berhubungan Dengan Siklus Menstruasi Di SMK IT Raflesia Depok. Jurnal Keperawatan Widya Gantari Indonesia, 7(1), 7-17. https://doi.org/10.52020/jkwgi.v7i1.5469
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 MEDICA (International Medical Scientific Journal)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
