Demographic Profile, Medical History, Comorbidities, and Factors Associated with Treatment Success among Drug-Sensitive (SO) Tuberculosis Patients
https://doi.org/10.53770/medica.v8i9.1383
Keywords
Comorbidity Demographic Profile Drug-Sensitive Tuberculosis Medical HistoryAbstract
Drug-sensitive (SO) tuberculosis (TB) remains a public health burden in Papua, yet the profile of SO-TB patients at primary care level remains poorly documented. This study aimed to describe the demographic, medical history, and comorbidity profile of SO-TB patients and examine their association with treatment outcomes. A retrospective observational study used secondary data from the Puskesmas Waibhu catchment area, Papua, from January 2023 to December 2025. It included 768 treatment episodes from 729 patients selected through total sampling. Data came from the TBC.03 SO Health Facility Register and were analyzed using chi-square, Fisher’s exact tests, and binary logistic regression. Outcome analysis was restricted to 499 episodes from 2023–2024 with fully evaluated outcomes, including 498 in the multivariate model, because most 2025 episodes had no final outcome at extraction. Most were new cases (84.2%) and adults (66.5%; mean age 25.5 years), while comorbidity screening completeness was low. In the multivariate analysis, bacteriologically confirmed diagnosis was associated with lower odds of treatment success (adjusted OR=0.43; 95% CI 0.25–0.76; p=0.003), whereas referred/accompanied referral was associated with higher odds of success (adjusted OR=2.22; 95% CI 1.24–3.99; p=0.008). Unknown diabetes mellitus history status was also associated with treatment success (adjusted OR=0.53; 95% CI 0.30–0.93; p=0.026), likely reflecting incomplete screening or documentation. Strengthening referral pathways and comorbidity screening may support TB program performance in primary care. Given the retrospective design, these associations should not be interpreted as causal. Prospective studies with larger samples and broader coverage are needed.
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